Hospitality industry of New Zealand-Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Explain each of these terms and give examples: ontology, epistemology and paradigm. 2.Use 2 of the articles from your annotated bibliography in assessment 1. Work out which ontology, epistemology and paradigm they are situated in. Explain why. Answers: 1.Ontology, Epistemology and Paradigm Ontology is one of the research philosophies that defines as the science or study of being as well as deals with the nature of reality (Flick, 2015). In addition, ontology is one of the systems of belief that mainly reflects an interpretation of an individual. Therefore, ontology links with central question of whether social entities require to be perceived as objective or subjective. Two main aspect of ontology are positivism and subjectivism. Epistemologies on the other hand mean the study of nature as well as extent of information and acceptable faith. The study analyzes the nature of information as well as how it mainly link to similar notions like justification, truth and belief. Therefore, the study deals with the means of production of knowledge and skepticism on matters relating to various knowledge claims (Glesne, 2015). Paradigm is one of the scheme or theory that guides the way on how people execute things or formally establishes a set of practice. There are different disciplines that governs by paradigms like Positivism, Post-Positivism, Critical theory and constructivism. Positivism means untried testing. Post-positivism means a view that needs appropriate background as well as free inadequate investigational plan (Mackey Gass, 2015). Critical theory means ideas in relative to a philosophy; information is not value free as well as bias should be spoken. Constructivism means each person constructs his or her realism so that there is manifold understanding. There are four articles that are selected from previous assessment and then evaluated through use of ontology, epistemology and paradigm. The title of the first article is How hotel employee job-identity impacts the hotel industry (Brien, Thomas Brown, 2017). In this article, there is clear understanding of difficulties that are faced by the hotel industry in retaining skilled workforce because of external brand image or stereotype of the negative image of the business enterprise. The title of the second article is Staff turnover in hotels: Exploring the quadratic and linear relationships (Mohsin, Lengler Aguzzoli, 2015). In this article, empirical techniques had been used for assessing the relationships between intentions of employees who want to leave the job. The title of the third article is Service quality management in hospitality, tourism and leisure (Mok, Sparks Kadampully, 2013). In this article, there was clear mention of understanding tourism, hospitality as well as leisure industry in and across the world. The title of the forth article is A geographic analysis of a decade of research in tourism, hospitality as well as leisure journals (Shen et al., 2014). In this article, it shows application of different methods of data analysis, co-occurrence relationships as well as spatial distribution. 2.Using articles from annotated bibliography The title of the first article is How Hotel employee job-identity impacts the hotel industry: The uncomfortable truth (Brien, Thomas Brown, 2017). The journal article is taken from Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management. In a research paradigm, there occur different aspects such as ontology and epistemology. Ontology, in the selected article is to gain proper understanding on the reality behind how hotel employee job identity impacts the hotel industry. Epistemology, on the other hand, actually talks about what need to be done to understand any particular aspect. It is like what and how reality can or knowledge can be known as far as possible. In case of research paradigm, constructivists will be used by the researcher for the present research topic as it data cannot be presented through use of quantitative research. It is for this reason that researcher will be using qualitative data from secondary sources of literature such as peer-reviewed journal articles, books and websi tes. Constructivists are of the opinion that is no single reality or truth for any situation. It is for this reason that reality is interpreted and uses qualitative methods for getting those multiple realities (Panneerselvam, 2014). The title of the second article is Staff turnover in hotels: Exploring the quadratic and linear relationships ((Mohsin, Lengler Aguzzoli, 2015). The journal article is taken from Tourism Management. Paradigm is one of the philosophical and theoretical framework of discipline where theories are performed in support of which are formulated. It is the set of common beliefs as well as agreements shared between scientists on matters relating to problems. Ontology is the way to construct reality on how things really are and how it really works. In that case, the present article had been selected on hospitality management where it is needed to know the reality of staff turnover in hotels. On the other hand, epistemology has different forms of knowledge of that reality after understanding the nature of relationship that exists between the inquirers and inquired (Vaioleti, 2016). Researcher will be using Positivism research philosophy because the selected article will be evaluated through us e of quantitative data. Positivism research philosophy discovers laws as well as governs behavior at the same time. Positivism research philosophy will be selected by the researcher because it deals with scientific data collection and use quantitative data techniques. The topic of discussion that is needed for the research study is getting the information on staff turnover and the reason to why staff members in hotel industry are leaving from their job. Quantitative methods such as distributing survey questionnaire to the employees will help in getting fact on understanding the reason behind staff turnover in hotels (Taylor, Bogdan DeVault, 2015). Reference List Brien, A., Thomas, N. J., Brown, E. A. (2017). How hotel employee job-identity impacts the hotel industry: The uncomfortable truth.Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management,31, 235-243. Flick, U. (2015).Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research project. Sage. Glesne, C. (2015).Becoming qualitative researchers: An introduction. Pearson. Mackey, A., Gass, S. M. (2015).Second language research: Methodology and design. Routledge. Mohsin, A., Lengler, J., Aguzzoli, R. (2015). Staff turnover in hotels: Exploring the quadratic and linear relationships.Tourism Management,51, 35-48. Mok, C., Sparks, B., Kadampully, J. (2013).Service quality management in hospitality, tourism, and leisure. Routledge Panneerselvam, R. (2014).Research methodology. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. Shen, Y., Morrison, A. M., Wu, B., Park, J., Li, C., Li, M. (2014). Where in the world? A geographic analysis of a decade of research in tourism, hospitality, and leisure journals.Journal of Hospitality Tourism Research. Taylor, S. J., Bogdan, R., DeVault, M. (2015).Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. John Wiley Sons. Vaioleti, T. M. (2016). Talanoa research methodology: A developing position on Pacific research.Waikato Journal of Education,12(1).